Probation and Parole Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Probation and Parole - Research Paper Example Probation is usually exercised on criminals who have committed a capital offence. Both Parole and Probation are a method of reducing the overcrowding in jails by releasing them in normal society but at the same time monitoring for their behaviors. History of Parole and Probation The system of parole was introduced by Brockway Zebulon in order to facilitate more space in the overcrowded prisons. Parole provided the incentive for offenders to win their way out of prison by adopting good behavior towards inmates and wardens. Parole was introduced as the good time statute by the Department of Justice in 1867. This statute granted the power in the hands of the warden who was responsible for recommending prisoners for parole and later monitoring these prisoners. Probation was introduced in the US law by John Augustus in order to monitor the release of offenders that still pose a threat to the society, even after serving their prison sentence in full. Augustus ‘was the first to provid e ball for defendants under the authority of Boston Police Court in 1841’ (Clear, Cole and Reisig, 187). Probations are extension to the prison sentence and were adopted by most states in 1879. Rights According to law, every individual on parole and probation is allowed to exercise certain rights. These rights are granted to the individual through the law and could only be revoked in certain conditions. Under parole and probation, the individual has the right of freedom to move. However, this freedom of movement is restricted to areas within the place specified by the individual as his residence city or state. The probationer also has to report on a weekly basis to the probationary officer to give an account of his weekly activities. In case, the probationer commits any offense, he has the right to receive notification from the court and arrange for his defense council. The probationer also has the right to speak in front of the hearing council to plead on his own behalf. Rev ocation Both parole and probation could be revoked at any time if the officer in charge believes that the individual has committed any offense or gone against the conditions of the parole or probation. In most cases, the parole and probation officer has the authority to hold the offender in custody if he has sufficient belief that the offender poses an immediate threat of society. Certain cases with respect to revocation have brought changes in existing laws. The Morrissey v. Brewer in 1972 is one such case. This case gave the parolee certain rights when being considered for revocation. Under these rights, the parolee has the right to written notice before considered for revocation and evidence and laws violated must be identified beforehand. The Parolee also has the right to question the evidence and the witnesses presented for the case. Another case is The Pennsylvania v Scott (1998), which bars the use of evidence that has been collected without a search warrant from the paroleeà ¢â‚¬â„¢s residence. Revocation laws were also updated after Gagnon v. Scarpelli (1973). This allowed probationers the right to hearing in case of being charged for any offense and the right to hire a lawyer for the hearing council (Alarid, Cromwell and Carmen, 148). Release on Parole and Probation There are certain general conditions for Parolees and Probationers released on

Complete Marketing Plan Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Complete Marketing Plan - Research Paper Example Executive Summary Chipotle Mexican Grill Restaurant has been present in the market since 1993 and has been successfully meeting the needs and demands of its customers. It went public in 2006 when McDonald’s divested its non-core business restaurants and Chipotle was one of them. Since then, it has been following a focused marketing strategy for expanding into various regions locally and internationally. It has competitive edge in the market as it is the only company that is offering healthy and nutritious food items along with fast-casual dining experience; the main target market of the company is young generation aged in between 16-30 years who are looking for delicious meals at economical prices. Although it has successfully earned a good reputation in the market but there are many avenues that are unexploited by the company. One attractive segment is of old people aged above forty years who are looking for healthy food along with a pleasurable dining experience. The marketi ng plan for this target market is designed especially for Columbus, Ohio region where no fast-food restaurant is targeting this segment. In order to reach and satisfy this market, the marketing strategy along with implementation and evaluation plan is discussed so that the company can easily implement it. The most effective way of fulfilling the needs of old people is to offer them affordable meals by marketing them on the online mediums as these people are technologically savvy. If the plan is properly implemented, then there are high chances that the company can successfully penetrate in this market. II. Situation Analysis Brief Introduction of Chipotle Mexican Grill Restaurant Chipotle Mexican Grill was started by Steve Ells in 1993 in Colorado with the aim of providing exceptionally high quality fast-food items that are made from fresh and premium ingredients. Presently, Chipotle Mexican Grill Inc. is a chain of restaurants that are located in Canada, United Kingdom and United S tates. The name of the restaurant was derived from chipotle which is the Mexican Spanish name of smoked and dried jalapeno chili pepper (â€Å"Unique Corporate Culture drives results†, 2008) The specialty of the chain is in the burritos and tacos offered to the customers along with use of natural and organic ingredients and assembly-line production. The company is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and it went public in 2006 when McDonald’s divested all of its non-core business restaurants (â€Å"About Us†, 2012). The mission of Chipotle Mexican Grill Restaurant is defined as Food with Integrity that highlights its focus on using only pure and organic ingredients and serves the customers with naturally raised meat; it gives the restaurant a competitive edge over all other restaurants present in the market (â€Å"Food with integrity†, 2012). It is among the pioneers who developed the concept of fast-casual dining restaurants. Currently, it is present in more than 1200 locations in about 43 states including France, Ontario, England, Washington and Toronto. According to Brandau (2012), the chain earned net income of US$215 million in the year 2011 and had a workforce of about 30,940 employees. The chain is run by a board that comprises of four directors along with a chairman (Steve Ells) and is headquartered in Denver, Colorado (â€Å"